When building a new home, one of the most important steps is developing a comprehensive electrical plan. For any new build, it is essential to use a comprehensive electrical checklist that addresses all critical aspects of safety and functionality. From ensuring compliance with California’s strict building codes to accommodating future technology and optimizing energy efficiency, electrical design plays a key role in the safety, functionality, and comfort of your home.
At Feldman Construction, we specialize in custom home building and remodeling throughout the Bay Area, and we know that a well-thought-out electrical plan can save homeowners time, money, and future frustration. A well-planned electrical system also contributes to the long-term well-being of future homeowners by ensuring a safe and reliable environment. Below is a step-by-step checklist to help you stay organized and informed throughout your electrical installation process.
Why Electrical Planning Matters in New Construction
Modern homes rely heavily on electricity—not just for lighting and outlets, but for HVAC systems, security, appliances, entertainment, and smart home automation. Without careful planning, you could end up with overloaded circuits, insufficient outlets, or costly retrofits down the line. Electrical and lighting design is essential for achieving the right lighting and ensuring your home’s lighting meets both functional and aesthetic needs.
A solid electrical layout for new homes provides:
- Safety and code compliance
- Proper capacity for daily usage and future needs
- Streamlined inspections and permitting
- Seamless integration of smart devices and energy-efficient systems
- Thoughtful lighting design, which is essential for both aesthetics and functionality
Pre-Construction Considerations
1. Understand Local Electrical Codes in California
Every city in the Bay Area—from Palo Alto to San Jose—has its own building code enforcement. In addition to state and national requirements, it is crucial to ensure compliance
with local codes, as each municipality may have specific regulations and permit processes. Electrical code compliance in California follows the National Electrical Code (NEC) with additional regional requirements. Working with a local licensed contractor ensures your plan will pass inspection and meet all legal standards.
2. Choose a Qualified Electrical Contractor
Hiring an experienced, licensed electrical contractor in the Bay Area is crucial. Look for professionals with strong portfolios, good references, and familiarity with both residential and energy-efficient electrical systems.
3. Calculate Your Electrical Load
Take inventory of the electrical demands of your home: HVAC systems, kitchen appliances, lighting, entertainment, computers, and more. Electrical load calculation ensures your panel can support current and future use.
4. Plan for the Future
Today’s homes are evolving fast. Include room for:
- Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations
- Home office or workshop outlets
- Smart thermostats and lighting
- Solar power integration
- Battery backup or generators
Wiring and Component Essentials
5. Choose the Right Type of Wiring
- Copper wiring: Durable, safe, and long-lasting (recommended)
- Aluminum wiring: Less costly but not ideal for most residential projects
Copper wiring is typically preferred by Bay Area home builders for safety and longevity, despite the higher cost.
6. Select Proper Electrical Panels and Subpanels
Ensure your main electrical panel supports your load and future expansions. Choosing the right circuit breakers is essential for safety, code compliance, and to protect your property from overloads, as well as to accommodate future electrical upgrades. Use weatherproof panels for outdoor installations and size them based on square footage and electrical demands.
7. Strategically Place Outlets, Switches & Fixtures
Think about how each space will function, including the placement of lighting fixtures, light fixtures, outlets, and switches. For example:
- Kitchens need ample GFCI-protected outlets and carefully chosen lighting fixtures for both task and ambient lighting
- Bathrooms must follow moisture protection rules and use appropriate light fixtures for safety and style
- Living rooms may benefit from floor outlets or a plug to power table lamps, helping to hide cords, as well as dimmers and well-placed light fixtures for both function and design
- Hallways benefit from motion-activated lighting and properly selected lighting fixtures for safety and visibility
8. Prioritize Special Rooms: Kitchens & Bathrooms
Wet areas require GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupters) protection and proper spacing of outlets. This is especially important to pass inspection and prevent shocks or fire hazards. When planning your kitchen, be sure to consider the electrical wiring and lighting needs for your kitchen island, as proper illumination and safe outlet placement are crucial for both functionality and safety.
Electrical Safety and Protection
9. Install Circuit Protection: GFCIs and AFCIs
- GFCIs prevent shock hazards near water sources and are required in garages as well as other wet areas
- AFCIs (Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters) prevent fires in bedrooms and living areas Both are now required by NEC for specific zones in all new homes.
10. Use Tamper-Resistant Outlets
To protect children, tamper-resistant receptacles are standard in most areas and prevent accidental shocks.
Install:
- Smoke and CO detectors per local code, ensuring they are properly installed for maximum safety
- Hard-wired detectors with battery backup
- Emergency lighting or exit signage in basements or accessory units
Energy Efficiency & Smart Home Integration
12. Choose Energy-Saving Lighting
LED fixtures, dimmable switches, and motion sensors reduce electricity bills and environmental impact. Consider planning for extra lighting in areas like the garage or workspace to ensure improved functionality and proper illumination for specific needs.
13. Embrace Smart Home Electrical Design
Incorporate:
- Smart thermostats
- Remote-controlled lighting
- Automated blinds
- Whole-home energy monitors
Smart home planning during construction helps you create a smart home environment through thoughtful electrical planning, ensuring seamless installation and a modern living experience.
14. Plan for Solar Power
Bay Area residents are increasingly opting for solar-ready electrical panels. Install conduit and space in the panel now—even if you’re not ready to go solar yet.
15. Reduce Everyday Electrical Waste
Simple tips include:
- Unplugging devices when not in use
- Grouping devices on smart power strips
- Installing timers on outdoor lighting
Passing Inspections and Getting Final Approval
16. Prepare for Building Inspections
Before drywall goes up, inspectors will review your wiring layout, panel setup, and grounding. Have your contractor walk through everything to ensure electrical inspection readiness. It’s important to review the system thoroughly to identify and address any potential issues before the inspector arrives.
17. Avoid Common Electrical Mistakes
These include:
- Overloaded circuits
- Incorrect wire sizes
- Missing GFCI or AFCI protection
- Poorly labeled panels
18. Secure a Certificate of Occupancy
Once all systems pass inspection, you’ll receive this document confirming your home is safe and code-compliant.
Long-Term Maintenance & Upgrades
19. Perform Routine Electrical Checks
Schedule regular maintenance to inspect:
- Panel connections
- Breakers
- Smoke detectors
- GFCI outlets
20. Anticipate Renovations and Additions
Build extra capacity into your panel and leave space for expansion. This is especially useful for room additions or garage conversions down the line.
21. Know When to Call a Pro
Call a licensed electrician if you experience:
- Tripped breakers
- Buzzing from outlets
- Flickering lights
- Warm switch plates
Conclusion: Build It Right From the Start
Building a new house starts with quality electrical work as a foundation for safety and efficiency. An electrical checklist is not just a planning tool—it’s a foundation for safe, efficient, and future-ready living. At Feldman Construction, we work closely with clients across the Peninsula and greater Bay Area to ensure every new home is built with the highest safety standards, forward-thinking design, and smart functionality.
FAQs
What are the most common wiring mistakes in new homes?
Overloaded circuits, incorrect wire gauges, and missing GFCI/AFCI protections top the list.
How do I ensure my system is energy-efficient?
Use LED lighting, energy-saving appliances, and smart thermostats. Plan for solar if possible.
What should I look for in an electrical contractor?
Look for licensing, insurance, local experience, and familiarity with smart and green building.
How often should my electrical system be checked?
At least every 3–5 years by a qualified professional—or immediately if you notice issues.
What’s trending in new home electrical design?
Solar integration, EV charging, smart home tech, and energy monitoring systems are all gaining popularity.
How can a virtual walk or virtual walk through help with my electrical planning?
A virtual walk or virtual walk through allows future homeowners and homeowners to visualize
their electrical walk or electrical walk through before construction is complete. This is especially helpful in a new build or new house, as it helps ensure outlets, lighting, and switches are placed exactly where needed and design intentions are met.
What should I consider for outdoor electrical safety, such as for a hot tub?
Proper electrical work and GFCI protection are essential for outdoor areas, especially around a hot tub. Make sure all wiring is weatherproof and properly grounded to ensure safety.
What resources are available for electrical and lighting design?
A designer bff can be a trusted resource for planning your electrical and lighting design, offering expert advice and support throughout your project.
